Research Regarding HOCL (hypochlorous acid)

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    Added November 3 2024:
    Epub 2014 Nov 24. Evaluation of sprayed hypochlorous acid solutions for their virucidal activity against avian influenza virus through in vitro experiments
    • Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) solutions were evaluated for their virucidal ability against a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIVInfluenza A viruses have different subtypes and different lineages. Wild aquatic birds, are considered reservoirs (hosts) for avian influenza A viruses. CDC1), H7N1A subtype of the Avian Influenza Type A Viruses NIH1.
    • Under plain diluent conditions (without FBSFetal Bovine Serum used as a 5% solution during this study. TFS1), harvested solutions of HOCl after spraying could decrease the AIV titerThe strength of a solution or the concentration of a substance in solution as determined by titration MWD1 by more than 1,000 times, to an undetectable level (< 2.5 log10TCID50/ml) within 5 sec.
    • When HOCl solutions were sprayed directly on the virus on rayon sheets for 10 sec, the solutions of 100 and 200 ppm could inactivate AIV immediately after spraying
    • In the indirect spray form, after 10 sec of spraying, the lids of the dishes were opened to expose the virus on rayon sheets to HOCl. In this form, the 200 ppm solution inactivated AIV within 10 min of contact, while 50 and 100 ppm could not inactivate it.
    • These data suggest that HOCl can be used in spray form to inactivate AIV at the farm level.
    • phagocytesA cell that can incorporate and store or break down solid particles (bacteria, other cells, foreign material, etc.); esp. a neutrophil or macrophage OED1
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    Added November 6 2024:
    JPub 2022 Sep 14. Hypochlorous Acid Chemistry in Mammalian Cells—Influence on Infection and Role in Various Pathologies
    • This review discusses the formation of hypochlorous acid HOCl and the role of reactive chlorinated species (RCS)Reactive chlorine species (RCS) are powerful oxidants that are important for public health and disinfection:.JBC1, which are catalysed by the enzyme myeloperoxidase MPO, mainly located in leukocytes and which in turn contribute to cellular oxidative stress.
    • The reactions of RCS with various organic molecules such as amines, amino acids, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, and DNA are described, and an attempt is made to explain the chemical mechanisms of the formation of the various chlorinated derivatives and the data available so far on the effects of MPO, RCS and halogenative stress.
    • Among the most widespread reactive agents are reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radical, as well as reactive chlorine species (RCS), such as hypochlorous acid PMC1
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    Added November 10 2024:
    Biotechnol Bioeng . 2022 Oct 7 Activity of a hypochlorous acid‐producing electrochemical bandage as assessed with a porcine explant biofilm model
    • Hypochlorous acid‐producing electrochemical bandage (e‐bandage) in preventing methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection (MRSA) infection
    • HOCl concentrations in infected and uninfected explant tissue varied between 30 and 80 µM, decreasing with increasing distance from the e‐bandage
    • Eukaryotic cell viability was reduced by an average of 71% and 65% in fresh and day 3‐old explants, respectively, when compared to explants exposed to nonpolarized e‐bandages
    • An estimated 2% of the United States population struggles with chronic wounds, a significant burden for affected patients and an over $50 billion per year cost to the healthcare system
    • The presence of pathogenic biofilms in the wound‐beds hinders the normal process of wound recovery
    • Biofilms are aggregates of microorganisms that express extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) which acts as a protective barrier against hazards to the cells within
    • Microorganisms within biofilms alter the wound bed environment by secreting toxins and/or enzymes, creating alkaline conditions, or reducing oxygen concentration in the wound bed
    • Hypochlorous acid (HOCl), a common biocide, is active against MRSA